![]() The error messages generated from the sensor signals do not have one-to-one correspondence with the component deterioration and failures because the mechatronics equipment usually use sensors, which are equipped for control purposes, to monitoring the failure symptoms. This paper proposes a method to determine the optimum criteria for executing the preventive maintenance of the mechatronics equipment. In such cases, we need to determine the proper criteria for the effective execution of preventive maintenance to minimize the total effects, which include both the effects of successful preventive maintenance and those of unsuccessful ones. However, failure symptoms are not necessarily detected by monitoring systems in an accurate manner. The list of recommendations for future research on IPS² design is provided at the end of the paper.Ĭondition-based maintenance is effective in improving availability by preventing failure occurrences, especially in the case where the lives of equipment or components are unstable because of varying operating and environmental conditions. The design process of both production systems for sustainability and high-value systems for sustainable development goals may need to be supported differently than today. This keynote analyses literature and practice in the last decade, aiming to propose the main characteristics of IPS² of the future and design processes adequate for IPS². The promising digital technologies that have become easily implementable in practice will in the next years facilitate design and implementation of IPS² smartly to satisfy users and contribute to sustainability. One reason for this delay is assumed to be that the initial efforts were mainly on business and service when design was an afterthought. Nevertheless, such solutions are not as significantly implemented as expected by the CIRP keynote in 2010: it is not a dominant business of manufacturing companies today despite their economic and environmental advantages. ![]() Industrial Product-Service Systems (IPS²) have been increasingly researched and practiced in a variety of fields and sectors. On top of these, proposing that quick and correct service is critical for machine tool users (D4), Mori and Fujishima emphasised the major design challenge as the ability to consider the followings in an integrated manner: remote maintenance and monitoring system, worldwide spare parts supply system, integration of service parts, education system for service engineers, and long-term environmental load reduction. ![]() In the machine tool sector, challenges that need to be tackled are: (1) choosing the right business model based on the three dimensions of sustainability targets (D2), (2) lack of approaches for designing engineering solutions that add value to the customer and deliver profits to the solution provider (D1), (3) ability to measure the environmental impact of IPS 2 solutions (D5, D3), (4) developing sensor technologies for real-time monitoring, whereby there challenges with deciding the type of sensor, number of sensors, and type of data being monitored and tracked by these sensors (D3), (5) a lack of data architectures to manage the advanced sensor based technologies, which can incur data security and IPR related challenges, too (D3, V2), (6) a need to develop algorithms to accurately predict the failures in the asset and planning for the maintenance (D3), and (7) a lack of methods available to manage the level of risk and uncertainty around the integrated product and service solution (D1).
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